Table 1įigure 2 shows how ΔT changes with cross-sectional area for 500 mL of 100☌ water in a container with a height of 6.0 cm. Table 1 gives ΔT for 500 mL of water in an insulated container with a height of 6.0 cm and a cross-sectional area of 4.0 cm 2 when the container is heated to different temperatures. The difference (ΔT) between the hot liquid at the bottom and the cold liquid at the top changes depending on the starting temperature of the system. The temperature of the liquid at the hot end of the insulated system is higher than the temperature at the cool end of the system. An example of a convection process is a cup of hot coffee: the liquid toward the top is cooled by the air, so it becomes more dense and sinks to the bottom of the cup the hotter liquid toward the bottom of the cup is less dense, so it rises toward the top. As a liquid or gas cools, it gets more dense. See All test questions More ACT Science TestsĬonvection is a heat transfer process caused by moving liquid or gas currents from a hot region to a cold region.
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